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doc/FAQ.html
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>W3M FAQ</TITLE>
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<p>
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<center><h1>Frequently Asked Questions and Answers about w3m</h1></center>
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<div align=right>
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Akinori Ito<br>
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aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp<br>
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Corrected by Tom Berger <tom.be@gmx.net>
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</div>
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<p>
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<b><center><font size=+1><u><a name="index">Index</a></u></font></center></b>
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<p>
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<br>
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<ul>
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<li><h2><a href="#general">General Questions, How to Get It, Required Environment</a></h2></li>
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<ul>
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<li><h3>How do I pronounce "w3m"?</h3>
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<li><h3>Why is it called "w3m"?</h3>
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<li><h3>On which platforms does w3m work?</h3>
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<li><h3>Where can I get more information about w3m?</h3>
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<li><h3>Is there a mailing list for w3m?</h3>
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<li><h3>Are there any binary distributions?</h3>
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</ul>
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<br>
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<li><a href="#install"><h2>Compile and Install</h2></a>
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<br>
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<li><a href="#command"><h2>Options, Commands, Usage</h2></a>
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<ul>
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<li><h3>w3m quits if started without parameters. What's wrong?</h3>
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<li><h3>w3m starts with black characters on a black screen. How do I change this?</h3>
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<li><h3>Does w3m support colours?</h3>
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<li><h3>Does w3m support monochrome display?</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I shift the display?</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I move from anchor to anchor?</h3>
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<li><h3>Netscape displays a word red, but w3m doesn't. Why?</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I change the colour of anchor-/image-/form links?</h3>
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<li><h3>w3m doesn't seem to use the variable EDITOR. Why? </h3>
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<li><h3>How do I quit a search or URL text input?</h3>
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</ul>
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<br>
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<li><a href="#www"><h2>Questions about WWW usage</h2></a>
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<ul>
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<li><h3>How do I fill in forms with w3m?</h3>
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<li><h3>Seems like w3m is slower than Netscape or Lynx. Why?</h3>
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<li><h3>Loading time doesn't decrease when loading a previously seen page</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I download a linked file?</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I specify a proxy server?</h3>
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<li><h3>w3m freezes when I invoke an external browser.</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I change the default image viewer?</h3>
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<li><h3>How do I enter a URL?</h3>
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<li><h3>w3m appends a URL to the former one despite of having cleared the line with Ctrl-u. What to do?</h3>
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</ul>
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<br>
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<li><a href="other"><h2>Misc</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li><h3>What is w3m's configuration file?</h3>
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<li><h3>What are these w3mxxxx files in my ~/.w3m directory for?</h3>
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</ul>
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<br>
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<br>
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<u><h2><a name="general">General Questions, How to Get It, Required Environment</a></h2></u>
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<br>
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<dl>
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<dt><h3>How do I pronounce "w3m"?</h3>
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<dd>It's "W-three-M". It doesn't rhyme with "pteranodon".
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<p>
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<dt><h3>Why is it called "w3m"?</h3>
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<dd>It's an abbreviation of "WWW-wo-Miru", which is Japanese for
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"See the WWW". So in English the name of this browser would be
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something like "stw3".
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<p>
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<dt><h3>On which platforms does w3m work?</h3>
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<dd>It runs on various versions of Unix, since version 990226 on OS/2 and since
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version 990303 also on MS-Windows with Cygwin32.
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<br>
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Current versions have been confirmed to run on:
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<ul>
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<li>Solaris 2.5
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<li>SunOs 4.1.x
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<li>HP-UX 9.x and 10.x
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<li>Linux 2.0.30 and 2.2.9 with glibc 2.1
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<li>FreeBSD 2.2.8 and 3.1
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<li>EWS4800 Release 12.2 Rev.A
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</ul>
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<dt><h3>Where can I get more information about w3m?</h3>
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<dd>At the <a href="http://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/~aito/w3m/eng/">English w3m home page</a>.
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<dt><h3>Is there a mailing list for w3m?</h3>
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<dd>There is a mailing list for developpers (w3m-dev-en). Please see
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<a href="http://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/~aito/w3m/eng/">w3m page</a>
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for details. You may also mail your comments to <a href="mailto:aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp">the author</a>.
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<dt><h3>Are there any binary distributions?</h3>
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<dd>So far there are only binaries for the win/cygnus32 version. You can get
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them from <a href="ftp://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/w3m/binaries">here</a>.
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Contact <a href="mailto:aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp">the author</a> if you want to contribute binaries for other platforms.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<br>
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<div align=right>
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<i>Up to <a href="#index">index</a></i>
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</div>
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<br>
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<u><h2><a name="install">Compile and Install</a></h2></u>
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No problem :-)
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<u><h2><a name="command">Options, Commands, Usage</a></h2></u>
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<br>
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<dl>
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<dt><h3>w3m quits if started without parameters. What's wrong?</h3>
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<dd>w3m is a <b>pager</b>. Therefore it just quits when invoked without any
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arguments. Possible arguments are:
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<ol>
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<li>A filename or an URL
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<li>Pipe from standard input
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<li>The -B option (Show bookmark file)
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<li>From a specified HTTP_HOME or WWW_HOME variable
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</ol>
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<p>
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<dt><h3>w3m starts with black characters on black background. How do I change
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this?</h3>
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<dd>
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When compiled with colour support, w3m assumes a white background and therefore
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displays black characters.
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<br>
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You may either change the background colour of your terminal (e.g. with the -bg
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option in a xterm) or take these steps:
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<ul>
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<li>invoke w3m with 'w3m -M' (for monochrome),
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<li>type 'o' for getting to the options screen
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<li><b>Mark 'Display with colour' as ON</b> and choose an arbitrary colour.
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Click on [OK].
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</ul>
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<p>
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<dt><h3>Does w3m support colours?</h3>
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<dd>Yes. When you run './configure', answer the question
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<p>
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<pre>
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Let's do some configurations. Choose config option among the list."
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1 - Baby model (no color, no menu, no mouse, no cookie, no SSL)
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2 - Little model (color, menu, no mouse, no cookie, no SSL)
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3 - Mouse model (color, menu, mouse, no cookie, no SSL)
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4 - Cookie model (color, menu, mouse, cookie, no SSL)
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5 - Monster model (with everything; you need openSSL library)
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6 - Customize
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Which?
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</pre>
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<p>
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with 2,3,4 or 5.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>Does w3m support monochrome display?</h3>
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<dd>Yes. You may either
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<ol>
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<li>Answer the above mentioned 'configure' question with 1, or
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<li>Invoke w3m with the -M option, or
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<li>Type 'o' within w3m to enter the options screen and turn off colour display
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mode.
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</ol>
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<dt><h3>How do I shift the display?</h3>
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<dd>You can shift the display by moving the cursor to the edge of the screen. You
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may also use the ">"/"<" or "."/"," keys.
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<br>
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Another idea would be adjusting the xterm with the -geometry option (e.g.
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something like 'xterm -geometry 110x45 -bg white -name w3m -e w3m -B').
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<dt><h3>How do I move from anchor to anchor?</h3>
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<dd>You can move to the next anchor using TAB. ESC TAB moves cursor to the previous anchor.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>Netscape displays a word red, but w3m doesn't. Why?</h3>
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<dd>w3m doesn't support <FONT COLOR=".."> tags. It won't be impossible to implement this, but I think it would make the document more difficult to read.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>How do I change the colour of anchor-/image-/form links?</h3>
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<dd>Type 'o' within w3m to get the 'options' screen. You can change these
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settings there.
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<dt>
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<dt><h3>w3m doesn't seem to use the variable EDITOR. Why? </h3>
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<dd><dd>Go to the 'options' screen using the "o" key. Any entry in the 'Editor' field will override the environment variable.
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<br>
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If you want to use the editor specified by EDITOR blank the field and push [OK].
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<p>
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<dt><h3>How do I quit a search or URL text input?</h3>
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<dd>Clear input text using Ctrl-u and hit RETURN.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<br>
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<div align=right>
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<i>Up to <a href="#index">index</a></i>
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</div>
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<br>
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<u><h2><a name="www">Questions about WWW usage</a></h2></u>
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<br>
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<dl>
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<dt><h3>How do I fill in forms with w3m?</h3>
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<dd>Form input fields are displayed in red (or reverse). Move the cursor to
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them and hit RETURN. Then,
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<ul>
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<li>if it is a text input field, put in your text on the bottom line,
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<li>if it is a radiobutton or checkbox, that item is selected,
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<li>if it is a textarea, an editor is spawned,
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<li>if it is 'submit' or 'reset', well, just do it.
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</ul>
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<dt><h3>Seems like w3m is slower than Netscape or Lynx. Why?</h3>
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<dd>w3m renders a HTML document in two passes. Therefore it displays the documentnot before having read the entire document.
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<br>
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Netscape or Lynx display the document before having read the whole page,
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and therefore seem faster.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>Loading time doesn't decrease when loading a previously seen page</h3>
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<dd>w3m doesn't have its own cache. Therefore, it reads the document
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from the server each time it accesses it. If possible, use a cache server.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>How do I download a linked file?</h3>
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<dd>Use 'a' (or 'd' with Lynx-like keybindings) or ESC RET. If you want to download an inline image, use ESC 'I'.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>How do I specify a proxy server?</h3>
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<dd>Set the environment variable HTTP_PROXY or use the option setting panel
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("o" key). For example, if you want to use port 8000 of proxy.hogege.com, specify
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<p>
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<pre>
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http://proxy.hogege.com:8000/
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</pre>
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<p>
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<dt><h3>w3m freezes when I invoke an external browser.</h3>
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<dd>Enter w3m's option screen using the 'o' key and specify
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<p>
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<pre>
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netscape %s &
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</pre>
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<p>
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(if you are using netscape).
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<p>
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<dt><h3>How do I change the default image viewer?</h3>
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<dd>By default w3m uses xv to view images. If you want to change it into, let's say, 'display', add the following line to ~/.mailcap or /etc/mailcap.
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<p>
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<pre>
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image/*; display %s
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</pre>
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<p>
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You can specify external viewers of other file types as well:
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<p>
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<pre>
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image/*; display %s
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application/postscript; ghostview %s
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application/x-dvi; xdvi %s
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</pre>
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<dt><h3>How do I enter a URL?</h3>
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<dd>Type SHIFT-U
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<p>
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<dt><h3>w3m appends a URL to the former one despite of having cleared the line
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with Ctrl-u. What to do?</h3>
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<dd>Enter the <i>complete</i> adress, e.g. http://www.slashdot.org.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<br>
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<div align=right>
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<i>Up to <a href="#index">index</a></i>
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</div>
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<br>
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<u><h2><a name="other">Miscellanous</a></h2></u>
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<br>
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<dl>
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<dt><h3>What is w3m's configuration file?</h3>
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<dd>It is ~/.w3m/config.
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<p>
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<dt><h3>What are these w3mxxxx files in my ~/.w3m directory for?</h3>
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<dd>These are temporary files used by w3m when reading documents from a
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WWW server. They are not cache files and are usually deleted when w3m is
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terminated. If there remain any temp files, please remove them by yourself.
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<p>
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||||
</dd>
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</dl>
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<br>
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<div align=right>
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<i>Up to <a href="#index">index</a></i>
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</div>
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<br>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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doc/HISTORY
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doc/HISTORY
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doc/MANUAL.html
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doc/MANUAL.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
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<html>
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<head><title>w3m manual</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>w3m MANUAL</h1>
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||||
<div align=right>
|
||||
Akinori Ito<br>
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aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
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</div>
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<h2>Index</h2>
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<menu>
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||||
<li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a>
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||||
<li><a href="#Options">Options</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#Color">Document color</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#Key:orig">Key binding</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#Key:lynx">Lynx-like key binding</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#Mouse">Mouse operation</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#Key:custom">Key customization</a>
|
||||
<li><a href="#LocalCGI">Local CGI</a>
|
||||
</menu>
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Introduction"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Introduction</h2>
|
||||
w3m is a pager/text-based WWW browser. You can browse local documents and/or
|
||||
documents on the WWW using a terminal emulator.
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Options"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Options</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
Command line usage is
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
w3m [options] [file|URL]
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
If you specify filenames/URLs on command line, these documents are displayed.
|
||||
If you specify nothing, w3m reads a document from standard input and display it.
|
||||
If no filename and/or URLs are specified and standard input is tty, w3m terminates
|
||||
without displaying anything.
|
||||
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Options are as follows:
|
||||
<dl>
|
||||
<dt>+<line number>
|
||||
<dd>Move to the specified line.
|
||||
<dt>-t width
|
||||
<dd>Specify tab width. Default is 8.
|
||||
<dt>-r
|
||||
<dd>When displaying text/plain document, prohibit emphasis using backspace.
|
||||
If you don't specify this option,
|
||||
``A^H_'' is interpreted as underlined character and ``A^HA'' as a bold character.
|
||||
<dt>-S
|
||||
<dd>When displaying text/plain document, squeeze blank lines.
|
||||
<dt>-l number
|
||||
<dd>Specify line number preserved internally when reading text/plain document
|
||||
fron standard input. Default is 10000.
|
||||
<dt>-s
|
||||
<dd>Display documents with Shift_JIS code.
|
||||
<dt>-e
|
||||
<dd>Display documents with EUC_JP code.
|
||||
<dt>-j
|
||||
<dd>Display documents with ISO-2022-JP code.
|
||||
<dt>-T type
|
||||
<dd>Specify document type. Without this option, document type
|
||||
is determined from extension of a file. If the determination
|
||||
fails, the document is regarded as text/plain.
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Example:<br>
|
||||
Read HTML document from standard input and display it
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
cat hoge.html | w3m -T text/html
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Display HTML source
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
w3m -T text/plain hoge.html
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<dt>-m
|
||||
<dd>Display document with Internet message mode.
|
||||
With this option, w3m determines document type from header infomation.
|
||||
It is useful when reading E-mail or NetNews messages.
|
||||
<dt>-B
|
||||
<dd>Show the bookmark.
|
||||
<dt>-bookmark file
|
||||
<dd>Specify bookmark file.
|
||||
<dt>-M
|
||||
<dd>Monochrome display mode.
|
||||
<dt>-F
|
||||
<dd>Automatically render frame.
|
||||
<dt>-S
|
||||
<dd>Sqeeze blank lines.
|
||||
<dt>-X
|
||||
<dd>Upon exit, do not display preserved screen.
|
||||
<dt>-W
|
||||
<dd>Toggle wrap search mode.
|
||||
<dt>-o option=value
|
||||
<dd>Specify option. The option names and values are
|
||||
same as that appears in ~/.w3m/config.
|
||||
<dt>-cookie
|
||||
<dd>Process cookies.
|
||||
<dt>-no-cookie
|
||||
<dd>Don't process cookies.
|
||||
<dt>-pauth username:password
|
||||
<dd>Set username and password for (basic) proxy authentication.
|
||||
<dt>-num
|
||||
<dd>Show linenumber.
|
||||
<dt>-dump
|
||||
<dd>Read document specified by URL and dump formatted text into standard
|
||||
output. The width of the document become 80. This width can be overridden
|
||||
with -cols option.
|
||||
<dt>-cols width
|
||||
<dd>Specify document width. Used with -dump option.
|
||||
<dt>-ppc count
|
||||
<dd> Specify the number of pixels per character (default 8.0). Larger
|
||||
values will make tables narrower.
|
||||
<dt>-dump_source
|
||||
<dd>Read document specified by URL and dump the source.
|
||||
<dt>-dump_head
|
||||
<dd>Read document specified by URL and dump headers.
|
||||
<dt>-no-proxy
|
||||
<dd>Don't use proxy server.
|
||||
<dt>-no-graph
|
||||
<dd>Don't use graphic character to draw frames.
|
||||
<dt>-no-mouse
|
||||
<dd>Don't activate mouse.
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Color"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Document color</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
Links and images are displayed as follows.
|
||||
<div align="center">
|
||||
<table border="1">
|
||||
<tr><th> </th><th>Color mode</th><th>Monochrome mode</th></tr>
|
||||
<tr><td>links</td><td>blue</td><td>underline</td></tr>
|
||||
<tr><td>inline images</td><td>green</td><td>reverse</td></tr>
|
||||
<tr><td>form input</td><td>red</td><td>reverse</td></tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
These colors can be customized using option setting command "o".
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Key:orig"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Key binding</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
After invocation, you can operate w3m by one-character commands from
|
||||
the keyboard.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
Here's the original key-binding table. If you are using Lynx-like key
|
||||
bindings, see <a href="#Key:lynx">the Lynx-like key binding</a>.
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Page/Cursor motion</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>SPC,C-v<TD>Forward page
|
||||
<TR><TD>b,ESC v<TD>Backward page
|
||||
<TR><TD>l,C-f<TD>Cursor right
|
||||
<TR><TD>h,C-b<TD>Cursor left
|
||||
<TR><TD>j,C-n<TD>Cursor down
|
||||
<TR><TD>k,C-p<TD>Cursor up
|
||||
<TR><TD>J<TD>Roll up one line
|
||||
<TR><TD>K<TD>Roll down one line
|
||||
<TR><TD>w<TD>Go to next word
|
||||
<TR><TD>W<TD>Go to previous word
|
||||
<TR><TD>><TD>Shift screen right
|
||||
<TR><TD><<TD>Shift screen left
|
||||
<TR><TD>.<TD>Shift screen one column right
|
||||
<TR><TD>,<TD>Shift screen one column left
|
||||
<TR><TD>g<TD>Go to the first line
|
||||
<TR><TD>G<TD>Go to the last line
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC g<TD>Go to specified line
|
||||
<TR><TD>TAB<TD>Move to next hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC TAB<TD>Move to previous hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>[<TD>Move to the first hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>]<TD>Move to the last hyperlink
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Hyperlink operation</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>RET<TD>Follow hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>a, ESC RET<TD>Save link to file
|
||||
<TR><TD>u<TD>Peek link URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>I<TD>View inline image
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC I<TD>Save inline image to file
|
||||
<TR><TD>:<TD>Mark URL-like strings as anchors
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC :<TD>Mark Message-ID-like strings as news anchors
|
||||
<TR><TD>c<TD>Peek current URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>=<TD>Display infomation about current document
|
||||
<TR><TD>F<TD>Render frame
|
||||
<TR><TD>M<TD>Browse current document using external browser
|
||||
(use 2M and 3M to invoke second and third browser)
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC M<TD>Browse link using external browser
|
||||
(use 2ESC M and 3ESC M to invoke second and third browser)
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>File/Stream operation</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>U<TD>Open URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>V<TD>View new file
|
||||
<TR><TD>@<TD>Execute shell command and load
|
||||
<TR><TD>#<TD>Execute shell command and browse
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Buffer operation</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>B<TD>Back to the previous buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>v<TD>View HTML source
|
||||
<TR><TD>s<TD>Select buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>E<TD>Edit buffer source
|
||||
<TR><TD>R<TD>Reload buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>S<TD>Save buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC s<TD>Save source
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC e<TD>Edit buffer image
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Buffer selection mode</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>k, C-p<TD>Select previous buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>j, C-n<TD>Select next buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>D<TD>Delect current buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>RET<TD>Go to the selected buffer
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Bookmark operation</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>ESC b<TD>Load bookmark
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC a<TD>Add current to bookmark
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Search</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>/,C-s<TD>Search forward
|
||||
<TR><TD>?,C-r<TD>Search backward
|
||||
<TR><TD>n<TD>Search next
|
||||
<TR><TD>N<TD>Search previous
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Mark operation</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>C-SPC<TD>Set/unset mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC p<TD>Go to previous mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC n<TD>Go to next mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>"<TD>Mark by regular expression
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Miscellany</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>!<TD>Execute shell command
|
||||
<TR><TD>H<TD>Help (load this file)
|
||||
<TR><TD>o<TD>Set option
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-c<TD>Stop
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-z<TD>Suspend
|
||||
<TR><TD>q<TD>Quit (with confirmation, if you like)
|
||||
<TR><TD>Q<TD>Quit without confirmation
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Line-edit mode</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>C-f<TD>Move cursor forward
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-b<TD>Move cursor backward
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-h<TD>Delete previous character
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-d<TD>Delete current character
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-k<TD>Kill everything after cursor
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-u<TD>Kill everything before cursor
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-a<TD>Move to the top of line
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-e<TD>Move to the bottom of line
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-p<TD>Fetch the previous string from the history list
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-n<TD>Fetch the next string from the history list
|
||||
<TR><TD>TAB,SPC<TD>Complete filename
|
||||
<TR><TD>RETURN<TD>Accept
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Key:lynx"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Lynx-like key binding</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
If you have chosen `Lynx-like key binding' at the compile time,
|
||||
you can use the following key binding.
|
||||
|
||||
<H3>Page/Cursor motion</H3>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>SPC,C-v<TD>Forward page
|
||||
<TR><TD>b,ESC v<TD>Previous page
|
||||
<TR><TD>l<TD>Cursor right
|
||||
<TR><TD>h<TD>Cursor left
|
||||
<TR><TD>j<TD>Cursor down
|
||||
<TR><TD>k<TD>Cursor up
|
||||
<TR><TD>J<TD>Roll up one line
|
||||
<TR><TD>K<TD>Roll down one line
|
||||
<TR><TD>><TD>Shift screen right
|
||||
<TR><TD><<TD>Shift screen left
|
||||
<TR><TD>.<TD>Shift screen one column right
|
||||
<TR><TD>,<TD>Shift screen one column left
|
||||
<TR><TD>G<TD>Go to the specified line
|
||||
<TR><TD>TAB,C-n,Down arrow<TD>Move to next hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC TAB,C-p,Up arrow<TD>Move to previous link
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Hyperlink operation</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>RET, C-f, Right arrow<TD>Follow hyperlink
|
||||
<TR><TD>d, ESC RET<TD>Save link to file
|
||||
<TR><TD>u<TD>Peek link URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>I<TD>View inline image
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC I<TD>Save inline image to file
|
||||
<TR><TD>:<TD>Mark URL-like strings as anchors
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC :<TD>Mark Message-ID-like strings as news anchors
|
||||
<TR><TD>c<TD>Peek current URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>=<TD>Display infomation about current document
|
||||
<TR><TD>F<TD>Render frame
|
||||
<TR><TD>M<TD>Browse current document using external browser
|
||||
(use 2M and 3M to invoke second and third browser)
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC M<TD>Browse link using external browser
|
||||
(use 2ESC M and 3ESC M to invoke second and third browser)
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>File/Stream operation</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>g,U<TD>Open URL
|
||||
<TR><TD>V<TD>View new file
|
||||
<TR><TD>@<TD>Execute shell command and load
|
||||
<TR><TD>#<TD>Execute shell command and browse
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Buffer operation</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>B, C-b, Left arrow<TD>Back to the previous buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>\<TD>View HTML source
|
||||
<TR><TD>s, C-h<TD>Select buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>E<TD>Edit buffer source
|
||||
<TR><TD>R, C-r<TD>Reload buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>S, p<TD>Save buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC s<TD>Save source
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC e<TD>Edit buffer image
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Buffer selection mode</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>k, C-p<TD>Select previous buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>j, C-n<TD>Select next buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>D<TD>Delect current buffer
|
||||
<TR><TD>RET<TD>Go to the selected buffer
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Bookmark operation</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>v, ESC b<TD>Load bookmark
|
||||
<TR><TD>a, ESC a<TD>Add current to bookmark
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Search</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>/<TD>Search forward
|
||||
<TR><TD>?<TD>Search backward
|
||||
<TR><TD>n<TD>Search next
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Mark operation</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>C-SPC<TD>Set/unset mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC p<TD>Go to previous mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>ESC n<TD>Go to next mark
|
||||
<TR><TD>"<TD>Mark by regular expression
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Miscellany</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>!<TD>Execute shell command
|
||||
<TR><TD>H<TD>Help (load this file)
|
||||
<TR><TD>o<TD>Set option
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-c<TD>Stop
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-z<TD>Suspend
|
||||
<TR><TD>q<TD>Quit (with confirmation, if you like)
|
||||
<TR><TD>Q<TD>Quit without confirmation
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<H2>Line-edit mode</H2>
|
||||
<table>
|
||||
<TR><TD WIDTH=100>C-f<TD>Move cursor forward
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-b<TD>Move cursor backward
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-h<TD>Delete previous character
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-d<TD>Delete current character
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-k<TD>Kill everything after cursor
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-u<TD>Kill everything before cursor
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-a<TD>Move to the top of line
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-e<TD>Move to the bottom of line
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-p<TD>Fetch the previous string from the history list
|
||||
<TR><TD>C-n<TD>Fetch the next string from the history list
|
||||
<TR><TD>TAB,SPC<TD>Complete filename
|
||||
<TR><TD>RETURN<TD>Accept
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Mouse"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Mouse operation</h2>
|
||||
If w3m is compiled with mouse option and you are using
|
||||
xterm/kterm/rxvt (in this case, you have to set the TERM
|
||||
environment variable to `xterm' or `kterm'.) or GPM
|
||||
environment, you can use mouse
|
||||
for the navigation.
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<table border=0>
|
||||
<tr><td>left click
|
||||
<td>Move the cursor to the place pointed by the mouse cursor.
|
||||
If you click the cursor and it is on an anchor, follow the anchor.
|
||||
<tr><td>middle click
|
||||
<td>Back to the previous buffer.
|
||||
<tr><td>right click
|
||||
<td>Open pop-up menu. You can choose an item by clicking it.
|
||||
<tr><td>left drag
|
||||
<td>Scroll document. The default behavior is to grab the document
|
||||
and drag it. You can reverse the behavior (grab the window and drag it)
|
||||
with the option setting panel.
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="Key:custom"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Key customization</h2>
|
||||
You can customize the key binding (except line-editing keymap)
|
||||
by describing ~/.w3m/keymap. For example,
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
|
||||
keymap C-o NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
binds `NEXT_PAGE' function (normally bound to SPC and C-v)
|
||||
to control-o. See <a href="README.func">README.func</a> for
|
||||
list of available functions. Original and Lynx-like keymap
|
||||
definitions are provided (<a href="keymap.default">keymap.default</a>
|
||||
and <a href="keymap.lynx">keymap.lynx</a>) as examples.
|
||||
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<a name="LocalCGI"></a>
|
||||
<h2>Local CGI</h2>
|
||||
You can run CGI scripts using w3m, without any HTTP server.
|
||||
It means that w3m behaves like an HTTP server and activates CGI script,
|
||||
then w3m reads the output of the script and display it. The
|
||||
<a href="file:///$LIB/w3mbookmark?mode=panel&bmark=~/.w3m/bookmark.html&url=MANUAL.html&title=w3m+manual">bookmark registration</a>
|
||||
and <a href="file:///$LIB/w3mhelperpanel?mode=panel">helper-app editor</a>
|
||||
are realized as local CGI scripts.
|
||||
Using local CGI, w3m can be used as a general purpose form interface.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
For security reason, CGI scripts invoked by w3m must be in one of
|
||||
these directories.
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>The directory where w3m-related files are stored
|
||||
(typically /usr/local/lib/w3m). This directory can be referred
|
||||
as $LIB.
|
||||
<li>/cgi-bin/ directory. You can map /cgi-bin/ to any directory you like
|
||||
with option setting panel (``Directory corresponds to /cgi-bin'' field).
|
||||
You can specify multiple paths separated by `:', like
|
||||
/usr/local/cgi-bin:/home/aito/cgi-bin. It is not recommended to include
|
||||
current directory to this path.
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The CGI script can use special header `w3m-control:' to control w3m.
|
||||
This field can take any function (see <a href="README.func">README.func</a>),
|
||||
and the specified function is invoked after the document is displayed.
|
||||
For example, The CGI output
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
|
||||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||||
W3m-control: BACK
|
||||
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
will display blank page and delete that buffer immediately.
|
||||
This is useful when you don't want to display any page after
|
||||
the script is invoked. The next example
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
|
||||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||||
W3m-control: DELETE_PREVBUF
|
||||
|
||||
contents.....
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
will override the current buffer.
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
One w3m-control: header have to contain only one function, but you can
|
||||
include more than one w3m-control: lines in the HTTP header.
|
||||
In addition, you can specify an argument to GOTO function:
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
|
||||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||||
W3m-control: GOTO http://www.yahoo.com/
|
||||
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
This example works exactly the same way to the Location header:
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
|
||||
Content-Type: text/plain
|
||||
Location: http://www.yahoo.com/
|
||||
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
Note that this header has no effect when the CGI script is invoked
|
||||
through HTTP server.
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
106
doc/README
Normal file
106
doc/README
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
||||
w3m: WWW wo Miru Tool version beta-990323
|
||||
(C) Copyright by Akinori ITO March 23, 1999
|
||||
|
||||
1. Introduction
|
||||
|
||||
w3m is a pager with WWW capability. It IS a pager, but it can be
|
||||
used as a text-mode WWW browser.
|
||||
|
||||
The features of w3m are as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
* When reading HTML document, you can follow links and view images
|
||||
(using external image viewer).
|
||||
* It has 'internet message mode', which determines the type of document
|
||||
from header. If the Content-Type: field of the document is text/html,
|
||||
that document is displayed as HTML document.
|
||||
* You can change URL description like 'http://hogege.net' in plain text
|
||||
into link to that URL.
|
||||
|
||||
Current problems are:
|
||||
|
||||
* Resize behaviour is imcomplete.
|
||||
* It can't show images inline. (It seems to be impossible as far as using
|
||||
xterm)
|
||||
* It doesn't decode MIME-body of the document.
|
||||
* Online manuals are poor.
|
||||
|
||||
w3m is known to work on these platforms.
|
||||
|
||||
SunOS4.1.x
|
||||
HP-UX 9.x, 10.x
|
||||
Solaris2.5.x
|
||||
Linux 2.0.30
|
||||
FreeBSD 2.2.8, 3.1, 3.2
|
||||
NetBSD/macppc, m68k
|
||||
EWS4800 Rel.12.2 Rev.A
|
||||
Digital UNIX: v3.2D, v4.0D
|
||||
IRIX 5.3, IRIX 6.5
|
||||
OS/2 with emx
|
||||
Windows 9x/NT with Cygwin32 b20.1
|
||||
MS-DOS with DJGPP and WATT32 packet driver
|
||||
MacOS X Server
|
||||
|
||||
2. Installation
|
||||
|
||||
Follow these instructions to install w3m.
|
||||
|
||||
2.1 Run configure. The script will ask you a few questions. Answer them.
|
||||
2.2 do make
|
||||
2.3 do make install
|
||||
|
||||
MACHINE/OS specific notices:
|
||||
|
||||
HP-UX
|
||||
If you want to use HP C compiler, answer
|
||||
|
||||
Input your favorite C-compiler.
|
||||
(Default: cc) cc -Aa -D_HPUX_SOURCE
|
||||
|
||||
If you use just 'cc' without options, you can't compile w3m.
|
||||
If you are using gcc, no option is needed.
|
||||
|
||||
OS/2
|
||||
You can compile w3m using emx. First you have to do
|
||||
is to compile GC library with
|
||||
|
||||
cd gc
|
||||
make -f EMX_MAKEFILE
|
||||
|
||||
then compile w3m. I heard that OS/2 console can't
|
||||
display color, you had better compile w3m without
|
||||
color capability.
|
||||
|
||||
Windows
|
||||
See README.cygwin.
|
||||
|
||||
MS-DOS
|
||||
See README.dj.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
3. Copyright
|
||||
|
||||
(C) Copyright 1994-1999 by Akinori Ito.
|
||||
|
||||
Hans J. Boehm, Alan J. Demers, Xerox Corp. and Silicon Graphics
|
||||
have the copyright of the GC library comes with w3m package.
|
||||
|
||||
4. License
|
||||
|
||||
Use, modification and redistribution of this software is hereby granted,
|
||||
provided that this entire copyright notice is included on any copies of
|
||||
this software and applications and derivations thereof.
|
||||
|
||||
This software is provided on an "as is" basis, without warranty of any
|
||||
kind, either expressed or implied, as to any matter including, but not
|
||||
limited to warranty of fitness of purpose, or merchantability, or
|
||||
results obtained from use of this software.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
5. Author
|
||||
|
||||
Feel free to send your opinion to the author.
|
||||
|
||||
Akinori Ito
|
||||
Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University
|
||||
aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
|
||||
http://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/
|
18
doc/README.cygwin
Normal file
18
doc/README.cygwin
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
***How to compile w3m on Windows***
|
||||
|
||||
To compile w3m on MS-Windows, you have to use Cygwin32 with development
|
||||
tools. You can get it from http://sourceware.cygnus.com/cygwin/ .
|
||||
|
||||
After installing Cygwin32, what you have to do first is
|
||||
|
||||
TERM=ansi; export TERM
|
||||
sh configure
|
||||
|
||||
and
|
||||
|
||||
make
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Known Bugs:
|
||||
|
||||
Local file with drive letter (//C/zonk.html) can't be handled correctly.
|
39
doc/README.dict
Normal file
39
doc/README.dict
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
||||
Dictionary look-up hack for w3m
|
||||
|
||||
1. INTRODUCTION
|
||||
|
||||
If you have dictionary look-up command (like 'webster'), you can
|
||||
look a word in a document using w3m. This dictionary-lookup code
|
||||
was contributed by `Rubikitch' (rubikitch@ruby-lang.org).
|
||||
|
||||
2. INSTALL
|
||||
|
||||
To make use of dictionary look-up, you have to change compile
|
||||
option by hand. After running configure, edit config.h and
|
||||
change
|
||||
|
||||
#undef DICT
|
||||
|
||||
into
|
||||
|
||||
#define DICT
|
||||
|
||||
and recompile w3m. (You have to recompile dict.c and keybind.c.)
|
||||
|
||||
Then prepare a command named 'w3mdict.' For example, if you want
|
||||
to use 'webster' command, do the following:
|
||||
|
||||
% cd /usr/local/bin
|
||||
% ln -s `which webster` w3mdict
|
||||
|
||||
In general, w3mdict can be any command that takes a word as an
|
||||
argument and outputs something onto stdout.
|
||||
|
||||
3. USAGE
|
||||
|
||||
You can use the following two commands.
|
||||
|
||||
ESC w Input a word and look it up using w3mdict command.
|
||||
|
||||
ESC W look up the current word in the buffer.
|
||||
|
85
doc/README.func
Normal file
85
doc/README.func
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
|
||||
ABORT Quit w3m without confirmation
|
||||
ADD_BOOKMARK Add current page to bookmark
|
||||
BACK Back to previous buffer
|
||||
BEGIN Go to the first line
|
||||
BOOKMARK Read bookmark
|
||||
CENTER_H Move to the center line
|
||||
CENTER_V Move to the center column
|
||||
COOKIE View cookie list
|
||||
DELETE_PREVBUF Delete previous buffer
|
||||
DICT_WORD Execute dictionary command (see README.dict)
|
||||
DOWN Scroll down one line
|
||||
DOWN_LOAD Save HTML source
|
||||
EDIT Edit current document
|
||||
EDIT_SCREEN Edit currently rendered document
|
||||
END Go to the last line
|
||||
EXEC_SHELL Execute shell command
|
||||
EXIT Quit w3m without confirmation
|
||||
EXTERN Execute external browser
|
||||
EXTERN_LINK View current link using external browser
|
||||
FRAME Render frame
|
||||
GOTO Go to URL
|
||||
GOTO_LINE Go to specified line
|
||||
GOTO_LINK Go to current link
|
||||
HELP View help
|
||||
HISTORY View history of URL
|
||||
INFO View info of current document
|
||||
INTERRUPT Stop loading document
|
||||
INIT_MAILCAP Reread mailcap
|
||||
LEFT Shift screen one column
|
||||
LINE_BEGIN Go to the beginning of line
|
||||
LINE_END Go to the end of line
|
||||
LINE_INFO Show current line number
|
||||
LOAD Load local file
|
||||
MAIN_MENU Popup menu
|
||||
MARK Set/unset mark
|
||||
MARK_MID Mark Message-ID-like strings as anchors
|
||||
MARK_URL Mark URL-like strings as anchors
|
||||
MENU Popup menu
|
||||
MOVE_DOWN Move cursor down
|
||||
MOVE_LEFT Move cursor left
|
||||
MOVE_RIGHT Move cursor right
|
||||
MOVE_UP Move cursor up
|
||||
NEXT_LINK Move to next link
|
||||
NEXT_MARK Move to next word
|
||||
NEXT_PAGE Move to next page
|
||||
NEXT_WORD Move to next word
|
||||
NOTHING Do nothing
|
||||
NULL Do nothing
|
||||
OPTIONS Option setting panel
|
||||
PEEK Peek current URL
|
||||
PEEK_LINK Peek link URL
|
||||
PEEK_IMG Peek image URL
|
||||
PIPE_SHELL Execute shell command and browse
|
||||
PREV_LINK Move to previous link
|
||||
PREV_MARK Move to previous mark
|
||||
PREV_PAGE Move to previous page
|
||||
PREV_WORD Move to previous word
|
||||
PRINT Save buffer to file
|
||||
QUIT Quit w3m
|
||||
READ_SHELL Execute shell command and load
|
||||
REDRAW Redraw screen
|
||||
REG_MARK Set mark using regexp
|
||||
RELOAD Reload buffer
|
||||
RIGHT Shift screen one column right
|
||||
SAVE Save HTML source to file
|
||||
SAVE_IMAGE Save image to file
|
||||
SAVE_LINK Save link to file
|
||||
SAVE_SCREEN Save rendered document to file
|
||||
SEARCH Search forward
|
||||
SEARCH_BACK Search backward
|
||||
SEARCH_FORE Search forward
|
||||
SEARCH_NEXT Search next regexp
|
||||
SEARCH_PREV Search previous regexp
|
||||
SELECT Go to buffer selection panel
|
||||
SHELL Execute shell command
|
||||
SHIFT_LEFT Shift screen left
|
||||
SHIFT_RIGHT Shift screen right
|
||||
SOURCE View HTML source
|
||||
SUSPEND Stop loading document
|
||||
UP Scroll up one line
|
||||
VIEW View HTML source
|
||||
VIEW_BOOKMARK View bookmark
|
||||
VIEW_IMAGE View image
|
||||
WHEREIS Search forward
|
||||
WRAP_TOGGLE Toggle wrap search mode
|
209
doc/STORY.html
Normal file
209
doc/STORY.html
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
|
||||
<html>
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<title>History of w3m</title>
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body>
|
||||
<h1>History of w3m</h1>
|
||||
<div align=right>
|
||||
1999/2/18<br>
|
||||
1999/3/8 revised<br>
|
||||
1999/6/11 translated into English<br>
|
||||
Akinori Ito<br>
|
||||
aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<h2>Introduction</h2>
|
||||
W3m is a text-based pager and WWW browser.
|
||||
It is similar application to the famous text-based
|
||||
browser <a href="http://www.lynx.browser.org/">Lynx</a>.
|
||||
However, w3m has several advantages against Lynx. For example,
|
||||
<UL>
|
||||
<LI>W3m can render tables.
|
||||
<LI>W3m can render frame (by converting frame into table).
|
||||
<LI>As w3m is a pager, it can read document from standard input.
|
||||
(I heard Lynx also can display standard-input-given document, like this:
|
||||
<pre>
|
||||
lynx /dev/fd/0 > file
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
Hmm, it works on Linux. )
|
||||
<LI>W3m is small. Its stripped binary for Sparc (compiled with
|
||||
gcc -O2, version beta-990217) is only 260kbyte, while binary size
|
||||
of Lynx is beyond 1.8Mbyte. (Actually, lynx it 800K on my i386 system, w3m is 200K + libgc.)
|
||||
</UL>
|
||||
It is true that Lynx is an excellent browser, who have many
|
||||
features w3m doesn't have. For example,
|
||||
<UL>
|
||||
<LI>Lynx can handle cookies.
|
||||
<LI>Lynx has many options.
|
||||
<LI>Lynx is multilingual. (W3m is Japanese-English bilingual)
|
||||
</UL>
|
||||
etc. It is also a great advantage that Lynx has a lot of
|
||||
documentation.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
<b>I don't intend w3m to be a substitute of any other browsers,
|
||||
including Netscape and Lynx.</b> Why did I wrote w3m?
|
||||
Because I felt inconvenient with conventional browsers
|
||||
to `take a look' at web pages.
|
||||
I am browsing web pages in LAN environment. When I want to take
|
||||
a glance at a web page, I don't want to wait to start up Netscape.
|
||||
Lynx also takes a few seconds to start up (you can get lynx startup time to almost zero when you rm /etc/mailcap). On the other hand,
|
||||
w3m starts immediately with little load to the host machine.
|
||||
After looking at the information using w3m, I use other browser
|
||||
if I want to read the the page in detail. As for me, however,
|
||||
w3m is enough to read most of web pages.
|
||||
|
||||
<h2>The birth of w3m</h2>
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
w3m was derived from a pager named `fm'. Fm was written before
|
||||
1991 (I don't remember the exact date) when WWW was not popular.
|
||||
At that time, the word `browser' meant a file browser like
|
||||
`more' or `less'.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
I wrote fm to debug a program for my research. To trace the status
|
||||
of the program, it dumped megabytes of values of variables into a file,
|
||||
and I debugged it by checking the dumped file. The program dumped
|
||||
information at a certain time in one line, which made the dumped line
|
||||
several hundred characters long. When I looked the file using `more' or
|
||||
`less', one line was folded into several lines and it was very hard
|
||||
to read it. Therefore, I wrote fm, which didn't fold a line. Fm displayed
|
||||
one logical line as one physical line. When seeing the hidden
|
||||
part of a line, fm shifted entire screen. As I used 80x24 terminal at that
|
||||
time, fm was very useful for the debugging.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
Several years later, I got to know WWW and began to use it.
|
||||
I used XMosaic and Chimera. I liked Chimera because it was light.
|
||||
As I was interested in the mechanism of WWW, I learned HTML and
|
||||
HTTP, and I felt it simpler than I expected. The earlier version
|
||||
of HTTP was very similar to Gopher protocol. HTML 2.0 was
|
||||
simple enough to render. All I have to do seemed to be line folding
|
||||
and itemized display. Then I made a little modification to fm
|
||||
and made a web browser. It was the first version of w3m.
|
||||
The name `w3m' was an abbreviation of Japanese phrase `WWW wo miru',
|
||||
which means `see WWW'. It was an inheritance from `fm', which
|
||||
was an abbreviation of `File wo miru'. The first version of w3m
|
||||
was released at the beginning of 1995.
|
||||
|
||||
<h2>Death and rebirth of w3m</h2>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
I had used w3m as a pager to read files, E-mails and online manuals.
|
||||
It was a substitute of less. Sometimes I used w3m as a web browser,
|
||||
but there were many pages w3m couldn't display correctly, most of
|
||||
which used table for page layout. Once I tried to implement table
|
||||
renderer, but I gave up because it seemed to be too difficult for me.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
It was 1998 when I tried to modify w3m again. There were two reasons.
|
||||
The first is that I had some time to do it. I stayed Boston University
|
||||
as a visiting researcher at that time. The second reason is that
|
||||
I wanted to use table in my personal web page. I had written research
|
||||
log using HTML, and I wanted to write a table in it. At first I used
|
||||
<pre>..</pre> to describe table, but it was not cool at all.
|
||||
One day I used <table> tag, which made me to use Netscape to
|
||||
read the research log. Then I decided to implement a table renderer
|
||||
into w3m.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
I didn't intend to write a perfect table renderer because tables
|
||||
I used was not very complicated. However, imcomplete table rendering
|
||||
made the display of table-layout pages horrible. I realized that
|
||||
it required almost-perfect table renderer
|
||||
to do well both in `rendering (real) table' and `fine display of
|
||||
table-layout page.' It was a thorn path.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
After taking several months, I finished `fair' table renderer.
|
||||
Then I implemented form into w3m. Finally, w3m was reborn as a
|
||||
practical web browser.
|
||||
|
||||
<h2>Table rendering algorithm in w3m</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
HTML table rendering is difficult. Tabular environment
|
||||
of LaTeX is not very difficult, which makes the width of a column
|
||||
either a specified value or the maximum width to put items into it.
|
||||
On the other hand, HTML table renderer has to decide
|
||||
the width of a column so that the entire table can fit into the
|
||||
display appropriately, and fold the contents of the table according
|
||||
to the column width. Inappropriate column width decision makes
|
||||
the table ugly. Moreover, table can be nested, which makes the algorithm
|
||||
more complicated.
|
||||
|
||||
<OL>
|
||||
<LI>First, calculate the maximum and minimum width of each column.
|
||||
The maximum width is the width required to display the column
|
||||
without folding the contents. Generally, it is the length of
|
||||
paragraph delimited by <BR> or <P>.
|
||||
The minimum width is the lower limit to display the contents.
|
||||
If the column contains the word `internationalization', the minimum
|
||||
width will be 20. If the column contains
|
||||
<pre>..</pre>, the maximum width of the preformatted
|
||||
text will be the minimum width of the column.
|
||||
|
||||
<LI>If the width of the column is specified by WIDTH attribute,
|
||||
fix the column width using that value. If the specified width is
|
||||
smaller than the minimum width of the column, fix the column width
|
||||
to the minimum width.
|
||||
|
||||
<LI>Calculate the sum of the maximum width (or fixed width) of
|
||||
each column and check if the sum exceeds the screen width.
|
||||
If it is smaller than screen width, these values are used for
|
||||
width of each column.
|
||||
|
||||
<LI>If the sum is larger than the screen width, determine the widths
|
||||
of each column according to the following steps.
|
||||
<OL>
|
||||
<LI>Let W be the screen width subtracted by the sum of widths of
|
||||
fixed-width columns.
|
||||
<LI>Distribute W into the columns whose width are not decided,
|
||||
in proportion to the logarithm of the maximum width of each column.
|
||||
<li>If the distributed width of a column is smaller than the minimum width,
|
||||
then fix the width of the column to the minimum width, and
|
||||
do the distribution again.
|
||||
</OL>
|
||||
</OL>
|
||||
|
||||
In this process, distributed width is proportion to logarithm of
|
||||
maximum width, but I am not sure that this heuristic is the best.
|
||||
It can be, for example, square root of the maximum width.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
The algorithm above assumes that the screen width is known.
|
||||
But it is not true for nested table. According the algorithm above,
|
||||
the column width of the outer table have to be known to render
|
||||
the inner table, while the total width of the inner table have to
|
||||
be known to determine the column width of the outer table.
|
||||
If WIDTH attribute exists there are no problems. Otherwise, w3m
|
||||
assumes that the inner table is 0.8 times as wide as the outer
|
||||
table. It works fine, but if there are two tables side by side in an outer
|
||||
table, the width of the outer table always exceeds the screen width.
|
||||
To render this kind of table correctly, one have to render the table once,
|
||||
check the width of outmost table, and then render the entire table again.
|
||||
Netscape might employ this kind of algorithm.
|
||||
|
||||
<h2>Libraries</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
w3m uses
|
||||
<a href="http://reality.sgi.com/boehm/gc.html">Boehm GC</a>
|
||||
library. This library was written by H. Boehm and A. Demers.
|
||||
I could distribute w3m without this library because one can
|
||||
get the library separately, but I decided to contain it in the
|
||||
w3m distribution for the convenience of an installer.
|
||||
W3m doesn't use libwww.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
Boehm GC is a garbage collector for C and C++. I began to use this
|
||||
library when I implemented table, and it was great. I couldn't
|
||||
implement table and form without this library.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
Older version than beta-990304 used
|
||||
<a href="http://home.cern.ch/~orel/libftp/libftp/libftp.html">LIBFTP</a>
|
||||
because I felt tired of writing codes to handle FTP protocol.
|
||||
But I rewrote the FTP code by myself to make w3m completely free.
|
||||
It made w3m slightly smaller.
|
||||
<P>
|
||||
By the way, w3m doesn't use UNIX standard regexp library and curses library.
|
||||
It is because I want to use Japanese. When I wrote fm, there were
|
||||
no free regexp/curses libraries that can treat Japanese. Now both libraries
|
||||
are available and they looks faster than w3m code.
|
||||
|
||||
<h2>Future work</h2>
|
||||
|
||||
...Nothing. As w3m's virtues are its small size and rendering speed,
|
||||
adding more features might lose these advantages. On the other hand,
|
||||
w3m is still known to have many bugs, and I will continue fixing them.
|
||||
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
1750
doc/history
Normal file
1750
doc/history
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
115
doc/keymap.default
Normal file
115
doc/keymap.default
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
|
||||
# A sample of ~/.w3m/keymap (default)
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Ctrl : C-, ^
|
||||
# Escape: ESC-, M-, ^[
|
||||
# Space : SPC, ' '
|
||||
# Tab : TAB, ^i, ^I
|
||||
# Delete: DEL, ^?
|
||||
# Up : UP, ^[[A
|
||||
# Down : DOWN, ^[[B
|
||||
# Right : RIGHT, ^[[C
|
||||
# Left : LEFT, ^[[D
|
||||
|
||||
keymap C-@ MARK
|
||||
keymap C-a LINE_BEGIN
|
||||
keymap C-b MOVE_LEFT
|
||||
keymap C-e LINE_END
|
||||
keymap C-f MOVE_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap C-g LINE_INFO
|
||||
keymap C-h HISTORY
|
||||
keymap TAB NEXT_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-j GOTO_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-k COOKIE
|
||||
keymap C-l REDRAW
|
||||
keymap C-m GOTO_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-n MOVE_DOWN
|
||||
keymap C-p MOVE_UP
|
||||
keymap C-r SEARCH_BACK
|
||||
keymap C-s SEARCH
|
||||
keymap C-v NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap C-z SUSPEND
|
||||
|
||||
keymap SPC NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap ! SHELL
|
||||
keymap \" REG_MARK
|
||||
keymap # PIPE_SHELL
|
||||
keymap $ LINE_END
|
||||
keymap , LEFT
|
||||
keymap . RIGHT
|
||||
keymap / SEARCH
|
||||
keymap : MARK_URL
|
||||
keymap < SHIFT_LEFT
|
||||
keymap = INFO
|
||||
keymap > SHIFT_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap ? SEARCH_BACK
|
||||
keymap @ READ_SHELL
|
||||
keymap B BACK
|
||||
keymap E EDIT
|
||||
keymap F FRAME
|
||||
keymap G END
|
||||
keymap H HELP
|
||||
keymap I VIEW_IMAGE
|
||||
keymap J UP
|
||||
keymap K DOWN
|
||||
keymap M EXTERN
|
||||
keymap Q EXIT
|
||||
keymap R RELOAD
|
||||
keymap S SAVE_SCREEN
|
||||
keymap U GOTO
|
||||
keymap V LOAD
|
||||
keymap W PREV_WORD
|
||||
keymap Z CENTER_H
|
||||
keymap \^ LINE_BEGIN
|
||||
keymap a SAVE_LINK
|
||||
keymap b PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap c PEEK
|
||||
keymap g BEGIN
|
||||
keymap h MOVE_LEFT
|
||||
keymap i PEEK_IMG
|
||||
keymap j MOVE_DOWN
|
||||
keymap k MOVE_UP
|
||||
keymap l MOVE_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap n SEARCH_NEXT
|
||||
keymap o OPTIONS
|
||||
keymap q QUIT
|
||||
keymap s SELECT
|
||||
keymap u PEEK_LINK
|
||||
keymap v VIEW
|
||||
keymap w NEXT_WORD
|
||||
keymap z CENTER_V
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-TAB PREV_LINK
|
||||
keymap M-C-j SAVE_LINK
|
||||
keymap M-C-m SAVE_LINK
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-: MARK_MID
|
||||
keymap M-< BEGIN
|
||||
keymap M-> END
|
||||
keymap M-I SAVE_IMAGE
|
||||
keymap M-M EXTERN_LINK
|
||||
keymap M-W DICT_WORD_AT
|
||||
keymap M-a ADD_BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap M-b BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap M-e EDIT_SCREEN
|
||||
keymap M-g GOTO_LINE
|
||||
keymap M-n NEXT_MARK
|
||||
keymap M-p PREV_MARK
|
||||
keymap M-s SAVE
|
||||
keymap M-v PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap M-w DICT_WORD
|
||||
|
||||
keymap UP MOVE_UP
|
||||
keymap DOWN MOVE_DOWN
|
||||
keymap RIGHT MOVE_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap LEFT MOVE_LEFT
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-[E MENU
|
||||
keymap M-[L MENU
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-[1~ BEGIN
|
||||
keymap M-[2~ MENU
|
||||
keymap M-[4~ END
|
||||
keymap M-[5~ PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap M-[6~ NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap M-[28~ MENU
|
||||
|
109
doc/keymap.lynx
Normal file
109
doc/keymap.lynx
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
|
||||
# A sample of ~/.w3m/keymap (lynx-like)
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Ctrl : C-, ^
|
||||
# Escape: ESC-, M-, ^[
|
||||
# Space : SPC, ' '
|
||||
# Tab : TAB, ^i, ^I
|
||||
# Delete: DEL, ^?
|
||||
# Up : UP, ^[[A
|
||||
# Down : DOWN, ^[[B
|
||||
# Right : RIGHT, ^[[C
|
||||
# Left : LEFT, ^[[D
|
||||
|
||||
keymap C-@ MARK
|
||||
keymap C-a BEGIN
|
||||
keymap C-b PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap C-e END
|
||||
keymap C-f NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap C-h HISTORY
|
||||
keymap TAB NEXT_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-j GOTO_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-k COOKIE
|
||||
keymap C-l REDRAW
|
||||
keymap C-m GOTO_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-n NEXT_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-p PREV_LINK
|
||||
keymap C-r RELOAD
|
||||
keymap C-s SEARCH
|
||||
keymap C-v NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap C-w REDRAW
|
||||
keymap C-z SUSPEND
|
||||
|
||||
keymap SPC NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap ! SHELL
|
||||
keymap \" REG_MARK
|
||||
keymap # PIPE_SHELL
|
||||
keymap $ LINE_END
|
||||
keymap + NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap - PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap / SEARCH
|
||||
keymap : MARK_URL
|
||||
keymap < SHIFT_LEFT
|
||||
keymap = INFO
|
||||
keymap > SHIFT_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap ? HELP
|
||||
keymap @ READ_SHELL
|
||||
keymap B BACK
|
||||
keymap E EDIT
|
||||
keymap F FRAME
|
||||
keymap G GOTO_LINE
|
||||
keymap H HELP
|
||||
keymap I VIEW_IMAGE
|
||||
keymap J UP
|
||||
keymap K DOWN
|
||||
keymap N NEXT_MARK
|
||||
keymap P PREV_MARK
|
||||
keymap Q EXIT
|
||||
keymap R RELOAD
|
||||
keymap S SAVE_SCREEN
|
||||
keymap U GOTO
|
||||
keymap V LOAD
|
||||
keymap Z CENTER_H
|
||||
keymap \\ SOURCE
|
||||
keymap \^ LINE_BEGIN
|
||||
keymap a ADD_BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap b PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap c PEEK
|
||||
keymap d SAVE
|
||||
keymap g GOTO
|
||||
keymap h MOVE_LEFT
|
||||
keymap i PEEK_IMG
|
||||
keymap j MOVE_DOWN
|
||||
keymap k MOVE_UP
|
||||
keymap l MOVE_RIGHT
|
||||
keymap n SEARCH_NEXT
|
||||
keymap o OPTIONS
|
||||
keymap p SAVE_SCREEN
|
||||
keymap q QUIT
|
||||
keymap s SELECT
|
||||
keymap u PEEK_LINK
|
||||
keymap v BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap z CENTER_V
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-TAB PREV_LINK
|
||||
keymap M-C-j SAVE_LINK
|
||||
keymap M-C-m SAVE_LINK
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-: MARK_MID
|
||||
keymap M-I SAVE_IMAGE
|
||||
keymap M-a ADD_BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap M-b BOOKMARK
|
||||
keymap M-e EDIT_SCREEN
|
||||
keymap M-s SAVE
|
||||
keymap M-v PREV_PAGE
|
||||
|
||||
keymap UP PREV_LINK
|
||||
keymap DOWN NEXT_LINK
|
||||
keymap RIGHT GOTO_LINK
|
||||
keymap LEFT BACK
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-[E MENU
|
||||
keymap M-[L MENU
|
||||
|
||||
keymap M-[1~ BEGIN
|
||||
keymap M-[2~ MENU
|
||||
keymap M-[4~ END
|
||||
keymap M-[5~ PREV_PAGE
|
||||
keymap M-[6~ NEXT_PAGE
|
||||
keymap M-[28~ MENU
|
||||
|
33
doc/menu.default
Normal file
33
doc/menu.default
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
|
||||
# A sample of ~/.w3m/menu (default)
|
||||
#
|
||||
# menu MENU_ID
|
||||
# func LABEL FUNCTION KEYS
|
||||
# popup LABEL MENU_ID KEYS
|
||||
# nop LABEL
|
||||
# end
|
||||
#
|
||||
# MENU_ID
|
||||
# Main: Main menu
|
||||
# Select: Buffer selection menu
|
||||
|
||||
menu Main
|
||||
func " Back (b) " BACK "b"
|
||||
func " Select Buffer(s) " SELECT "s"
|
||||
func " View Source (v) " VIEW "vV"
|
||||
func " Edit Source (e) " EDIT "eE"
|
||||
func " Save Source (S) " SAVE "S"
|
||||
func " Reload (r) " RELOAD "rR"
|
||||
nop " -----------------"
|
||||
|
||||
func " Go Link (a) " GOTO_LINK "a"
|
||||
func " Save Link (A) " SAVE_LINK "A"
|
||||
func " View Image (i) " VIEW_IMAGE "i"
|
||||
func " Save Image (I) " SAVE_IMAGE "I"
|
||||
func " View Frame (f) " FRAME "fF"
|
||||
nop " ---------------- "
|
||||
func " Bookmark (B) " BOOKMARK "B"
|
||||
func " Help (h) " HELP "hH"
|
||||
func " Option (o) " OPTIONS "oO"
|
||||
nop " ---------------- "
|
||||
func " Quit (q) " QUIT "qQ"
|
||||
end
|
44
doc/menu.submenu
Normal file
44
doc/menu.submenu
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
# A sample of ~/.w3m/menu (submenu type)
|
||||
#
|
||||
# menu MENU_ID
|
||||
# func LABEL FUNCTION KEYS
|
||||
# popup LABEL MENU_ID KEYS
|
||||
# nop LABEL
|
||||
# end
|
||||
#
|
||||
# MENU_ID
|
||||
# Main: Main Menu
|
||||
# Select: Buffer selection menu
|
||||
|
||||
menu Main
|
||||
func "Back (b)" BACK "b"
|
||||
popup "Buffer ops >(f)" Buffer "fF"
|
||||
popup "Link ops >(l)" Link "lL"
|
||||
nop "----------------"
|
||||
popup "Bookmarks >(B)" Bookmark "B"
|
||||
func "Help (h)" HELP "hH"
|
||||
func "Options (o)" OPTIONS "oO"
|
||||
nop "----------------"
|
||||
func "Quit (q)" QUIT "qQ"
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
menu Buffer
|
||||
popup "Buffer select(s)" Select "s"
|
||||
func "View source (v)" VIEW "vV"
|
||||
func "Edit source (e)" EDIT "eE"
|
||||
func "Save source (S)" SAVE "S"
|
||||
func "Reload (r)" RELOAD "rR"
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
menu Link
|
||||
func "Go link (a)" GOTO_LINK "a"
|
||||
func "Save link (A)" SAVE_LINK "A"
|
||||
func "View image (i)" VIEW_IMAGE "i"
|
||||
func "Save image (I)" SAVE_IMAGE "I"
|
||||
func "View frame (f)" FRAME "fF"
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
menu Bookmark
|
||||
func "Read bookmark (b)" BOOKMARK "bB"
|
||||
func "Add page to bookmark(a)" ADD_BOOKMARK "aA"
|
||||
end
|
134
doc/w3m.1
Normal file
134
doc/w3m.1
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
|
||||
.nr N -1
|
||||
.nr D 5
|
||||
.TH W3M 1 Local
|
||||
.UC 4
|
||||
.SH NAME
|
||||
w3m \- a text based Web browser and pager
|
||||
.SH SYNOPSIS
|
||||
.B w3m
|
||||
[options] [URL or filename]
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Use "w3m -h" to display a complete list of current options.
|
||||
.SH DESCRIPTION
|
||||
.\" This defines appropriate quote strings for nroff and troff
|
||||
.ds lq \&"
|
||||
.ds rq \&"
|
||||
.if t .ds lq ``
|
||||
.if t .ds rq ''
|
||||
.\" Just in case these number registers aren't set yet...
|
||||
.if \nN==0 .nr N 10
|
||||
.if \nD==0 .nr D 5
|
||||
.I
|
||||
w3m
|
||||
is a World Wide Web (WWW) text based client. It has English and
|
||||
Japanese help files and an option menu and can be configured to
|
||||
use either language. It will display hypertext markup language
|
||||
(HTML) documents containing links to files residing on the local
|
||||
system, as well as files residing on remote systems. It can
|
||||
display HTML tables and frames.
|
||||
In addition, it can be used as a "pager" in much the same manner
|
||||
as "more" or "less".
|
||||
Current versions of
|
||||
.I
|
||||
w3m
|
||||
run on
|
||||
Unix (Solaris, SunOS, HP-UX, Linux, FreeBSD, and EWS4800)
|
||||
and on
|
||||
Microsoft Windows 9x/NT.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.SH OPTIONS
|
||||
At start up, \fIw3m\fR will load any local
|
||||
file or remote URL specified at the command
|
||||
line. For help with runtime options, press \fB"H"\fR
|
||||
while running \fIw3m\fR.
|
||||
Command line options are:
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -t tab
|
||||
set tab width
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -r
|
||||
ignore backspace effect
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -l line
|
||||
# of preserved line (default 10000)
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -s
|
||||
Shift_JIS
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -j
|
||||
JIS
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -e
|
||||
EUC-JP
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -B
|
||||
load bookmark
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -T type
|
||||
specify content-type
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -m
|
||||
internet message mode
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -M
|
||||
monochrome display
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -F
|
||||
automatically render frame
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -dump
|
||||
dump formatted page into stdout
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -cols width
|
||||
specify column width (used with -dump)
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -ppc count
|
||||
specify the number of pixels per character (default 8.0)
|
||||
Larger values will make tables narrower.
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -dump_source
|
||||
dump page source into stdout
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B +<num>
|
||||
goto <num> line
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
.B -debug
|
||||
DO NOT USE
|
||||
.SH EXAMPLES
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
To use w3m as a pager:
|
||||
.br
|
||||
$ ls | w3m
|
||||
.br
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
To use w3m to translate HTML files:
|
||||
.br
|
||||
$ cat foo.html | w3m -T text/html
|
||||
.TP
|
||||
or
|
||||
.br
|
||||
$ cat foo.html | w3m -dump -T text/html >foo.txt
|
||||
.SH NOTES
|
||||
This is the
|
||||
.I
|
||||
w3m
|
||||
990604 Release.
|
||||
.PP
|
||||
Additional information about
|
||||
.I
|
||||
w3m
|
||||
may be found on its Japanese language Web site located at:
|
||||
http://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/~aito/w3m/
|
||||
.br
|
||||
or on its English version of the site at:
|
||||
http://ei5nazha.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/~aito/w3m/eng/
|
||||
.SH ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
|
||||
.I
|
||||
w3m
|
||||
has incorporated code from several sources.
|
||||
Hans J. Boehm, Alan J. Demers, Xerox Corp. and Silicon Graphics
|
||||
have the copyright of the GC library comes with w3m package.
|
||||
Users have contributed patches and suggestions over time.
|
||||
.SH AUTHOR
|
||||
Akinori ITO <aito@ei5sun.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp>
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user